Pelecanus erythrorhynchos
The American White Pelican (Pelecanus erythrorhynchos) is a magnificent and unmistakable bird, ranking among the largest avian species in North America. Adults typically measure 130–178 cm (51–70 in) in length with a formidable wingspan of 240–300 cm (95–120 in) and can weigh between 3.5–13.6 kg (7.7–30.0 lb). Its plumage is predominantly brilliant white, contrasting sharply with the black primary and secondary flight feathers visible only in flight, which give the underwing a striking two-to...
Primarily inhabits large, shallow freshwater lakes, marshes, and slow-moving rivers, but also utilizes saline lagoons and estuaries, particularly during winter. Breeding colonies require isolated islands or remote shorelines free from mammalian predators.
Feeds almost exclusively on fish, favoring non-game species like carp, shiners, and suckers, but will also consume salamanders and crustaceans. Forages by dipping its bill into the water, often cooperatively herding fish.
American White Pelicans are diurnal birds, spending their days foraging and often roosting communally in large flocks on open water or secluded shorelines. Their foraging is a spectacular display of cooperation, with groups of pelicans swimming in a line or semicircle, using their immense wings a...
The breeding range of the American White Pelican spans across interior North America, primarily concentrated in the Great Plains, Canadian Prairies, and Intermountain West, with significant colonies in states like North Dakota, Montana, Wyoming, and in Canadian provinces such as Manitoba, Saskatc...
Least Concern
- The American White Pelican's bill can hold up to 3 gallons (11-12 liters) of water, making it one of the largest carrying capacities among birds. - During the breeding season, adults develop a unique, keratinous 'horn' or 'knob' on the upper mandible of their bill, which is shed after the eggs ...