Bay Hornero

Furnarius torridus

The Bay Hornero (Furnarius torridus) is a medium-sized, strikingly colored member of the ovenbird family (Furnariidae), renowned for its distinctive mud nests. Measuring approximately 17-18 cm (6.7-7.1 inches) in length and weighing around 40-50 grams, this species exhibits a rich rufous-brown plumage across its upperparts, contrasting with duller, paler underparts that can range from buffy to grayish. A prominent pale supercilium and a dark loral line are key field marks aiding identificatio...

Habitat

Exclusively found in riparian zones along large lowland rivers, associated islands, secondary forest edges, and floodplains in the Amazon basin, typically below 500 meters elevation.

Diet

Primarily insectivorous, feeding on a variety of invertebrates including beetles, ants, insect larvae, and spiders, gleaned by probing mud and soil.

Behavior

Bay Horneros are diurnal, spending their days actively foraging. They are often observed walking deliberately on the ground, probing soft soil and mud with their bills to extract prey, particularly near water sources. These birds are highly territorial, with monogamous pairs defending their breed...

Range

The Bay Hornero is a resident species, restricted to the western and central Amazon basin in South America. Its primary distribution includes eastern Peru, western Brazil (extending east to the Rio Negro and Rio Madeira), northern Bolivia, and small, extreme southwestern parts of Colombia. It clo...

Conservation Status

Least Concern

Fun Facts

- The Bay Hornero's name comes from the Spanish word 'horno,' meaning 'oven,' a direct reference to its distinctive mud nest. - These mud nests are incredibly strong and weather-resistant, often remaining intact on branches for several years. - A single pair may build multiple nests within their ...

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