Polytmus theresiae
The Green-tailed Goldenthroat (Polytmus theresiae) is a captivating medium-sized hummingbird, typically measuring between 10-12 cm (4-4.7 inches) in length and weighing 4-5 grams. Both sexes exhibit a striking iridescent golden-green plumage across much of their body, with a distinguishing long, straight to slightly decurved black bill that often displays a pale base on the lower mandible. Key field marks include a prominent white stripe extending behind the eye (post-ocular stripe) and a not...
This species primarily inhabits open savannas (cerrado), grasslands, and scrublands, often found at the edges of gallery forests or open woodlands. It prefers low elevations, typically below 1000 meters, and is frequently found near water sources.
Mainly feeds on nectar from a diverse array of flowering plants, including legumes and bromeliads, often using a traplining foraging method. Small insects, such as gnats and tiny flies, are also hawked in the air or gleaned from foliage to provide essential protein.
The Green-tailed Goldenthroat is a highly active diurnal species, dedicating much of its day to foraging and defending crucial feeding territories. It employs a "traplining" strategy, systematically visiting a circuit of nectar-rich flowers, but also defends prime patches aggressively against con...
The Green-tailed Goldenthroat is a widespread resident across northern and northeastern South America, demonstrating no significant migratory patterns throughout its range. Its distribution encompasses three recognized subspecies, each occupying a distinct geographic area. The nominate subspecies...
Least Concern
- The genus name *Polytmus* is derived from Greek, meaning "much desired" or "very famous. - Its specific epithet *theresiae* honors Princess Teresa Cristina of the Two Sicilies, who became Empress Consort of Brazil. - Unlike many hummingbirds that prefer dense forests, the Green-tailed Goldenthr...