Pseudonestor xanthophrys
The Maui Parrotbill (*Pseudonestor xanthophrys*) is a critically endangered Hawaiian honeycreeper, a vibrant and unique lineage of finches endemic to the Hawaiian Islands. This small, robust songbird measures about 14 cm (5.5 inches) in length and weighs 20-25 grams, characterized by its olive-green upperparts, bright yellow underparts, and a distinctive dark mask across its eyes. Its most striking feature is a massive, hooked, parrot-like bill, with a longer, decurved upper mandible and a sh...
Found exclusively in high-elevation (1,200-2,000 meters) wet native forests dominated by ʻōhiʻa (Metrosideros polymorpha) and koa (Acacia koa) trees.
Primarily feeds on wood-boring insect larvae, especially from native trees, which it extracts using its uniquely structured bill. Nectar from ʻōhiʻa blossoms and small fruits are also consumed seasonally.
Maui Parrotbills are typically observed singly or in pairs, exhibiting slow and deliberate movements as they forage. Their day is largely spent methodically gleaning and prying for insects, with activity peaking during the morning and late afternoon. They are highly territorial, with pairs defend...
The Maui Parrotbill is endemic to the island of Maui, Hawaii. Its historical range included both East and West Maui, but it is now extirpated from West Maui. Currently, its distribution is severely restricted to a small, isolated population on the windward (northeastern) slopes of Haleakalā volca...
Critically Endangered
- The Maui Parrotbill's specialized bill is so unique it was initially classified in its own subfamily, Pseudonestorinae, before being recognized as a highly divergent honeycreeper. - It uses its parrot-like bill like a set of pliers to tear bark and chisel into wood, exposing hidden insect larva...