Philesturnus rufusater
The North Island Saddleback (Philesturnus rufusater), or Tīeke in Māori, is an extraordinary passerine endemic to New Zealand, belonging to the ancient and unique Callaeidae family, making it a close relative of the Kōkako and the extinct Huia. This medium-sized bird typically measures around 25 cm (10 inches) in length and weighs between 60-80 grams. Its striking appearance is characterized by glossy black plumage, dramatically contrasted by a rich rufous-chestnut "saddle" across its back an...
This species primarily inhabits dense native forests with a rich understory, epiphytes, and abundant fallen logs. It can be found from sea level up to moderate elevations in remnant forest patches and restored sanctuaries.
Their omnivorous diet consists primarily of invertebrates like insects and spiders, which they glean and probe for, supplemented significantly by nectar from flowering trees and a variety of native fruits and berries.
North Island Saddlebacks are highly active, diurnal birds, spending considerable time foraging on the forest floor and in the lower to mid-canopy. Their foraging technique involves probing tree bark, mosses, and leaf litter with their strong beaks to extract insects, as well as gleaning nectar fr...
The North Island Saddleback is endemic to New Zealand's North Island, though its geographic distribution has undergone a dramatic transformation. Historically, it was widespread throughout all suitable forest habitats across the entire North Island. However, following the introduction of mammalia...
Least Concern
- The North Island Saddleback's Māori name, Tīeke, is an onomatopoeia derived directly from its distinctive, loud calls. - Despite being a passerine, they are weak fliers, often preferring to run, hop, or bound through the forest understory using their exceptionally strong legs and stiff tail fea...