Columba trocaz
The Trocaz Pigeon, or Madeira Laurel Pigeon, is a magnificent and unique avian jewel endemic to the island of Madeira. This large, robust pigeon measures 40-45 cm in length with a wingspan of 68-79 cm, characterized by its dark slate-grey upperparts, a purplish-pink breast, and a distinctive, iridescent silvery-grey patch on the side of its neck – a key field mark for identification. Its bill is reddish with a white tip, complementing its striking red legs and feet. Taxonomically, Columba tro...
Endemic to Madeira, primarily inhabiting the pristine, ancient laurel (Laurisilva) forests. Typically found at altitudes between 500 and 1500 meters, preferring dense, mature woodland.
Primarily frugivorous, specializing in the fruits of Lauraceae trees (laurel, til, barbusano, vinhatico). Also consumes other berries, seeds, buds, leaves, and occasionally small invertebrates, obtained through arboreal foraging.
The Trocaz Pigeon is predominantly arboreal, spending most of its day foraging in the canopy of the laurel forests. It exhibits powerful, direct flight, often covering considerable distances between roosting sites and food sources, especially when alternative food supplies are sought at lower ele...
The Trocaz Pigeon is strictly endemic to the island of Madeira, an autonomous region of Portugal located in the North Atlantic Ocean. Its distribution is confined almost entirely to the remaining patches of ancient laurel (Laurisilva) forest, predominantly found within the central mountainous mas...
Near Threatened
- The Trocaz Pigeon is found nowhere else on Earth, being strictly endemic to the island of Madeira, Portugal. - It is a cornerstone species for the UNESCO World Heritage Laurisilva forest, acting as the primary seed disperser for many of its characteristic trees. - Known locally as the 'gardener...