Geranoaetus polyosoma
The Variable Hawk (Geranoaetus polyosoma) is a stunning medium-sized raptor, typically measuring 45-56 cm in length with an impressive wingspan of 110-140 cm. This magnificent bird is renowned for its extraordinary plumage polymorphism, which can range from nearly all black to mostly white, with common morphs featuring a gray head and back, white underparts, and rich rufous or chestnut markings on the thighs or shoulders. Distinctive field marks include its broad wings, relatively short tail,...
This versatile raptor inhabits a wide array of open and semi-open environments, including grasslands, shrublands, Patagonian steppes, agricultural areas, and high-altitude Andean mountains. It can be found from sea level up to elevations exceeding 4,500 meters (14,700 feet).
The Variable Hawk primarily preys on a diverse range of small to medium-sized mammals, including rodents and lagomorphs, supplemented by small birds, reptiles like lizards and snakes, and large insects. Its main foraging methods include soaring and stooping, or ambushing prey from a high perch.
Variable Hawks are diurnal predators, often observed soaring effortlessly on thermals or perched conspicuously on rocks, trees, or utility poles while surveying their surroundings. Their primary foraging strategy involves either high-soaring searches followed by a rapid stoop, or an ambush from a...
The Variable Hawk boasts a wide distribution across South America, primarily associated with the Andean cordillera and the southern cone of the continent. Its breeding range extends from the high elevations of southwestern Colombia (though rare there) south through the Andes of Ecuador, Peru, Bol...
Least Concern
- The species name "polyosoma" translates to "many-bodied," perfectly reflecting its incredible plumage polymorphism. - For a long time, ornithologists considered the dark "Red-backed Hawk" and the pale "Puna Hawk" to be separate species, a misconception only resolved by genetic evidence. - It is...